En effet, les effets qu\u2019entra\u00eenent une telle activit\u00e9 sur les emplois et sur l\u2019ensemble des secteurs industriels d\u2019un pays sont consid\u00e9rables<\/p>\n
Dans l\u2019Europe des quinze, la valeur ajout\u00e9e par la fabrication d\u2019automobile repr\u00e9sente environ 105 milliards d\u2019euros par an.<\/p>\n
Dans les pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s, o\u00f9 l\u2019industrie automobile est ancienne et s\u00e9dentaire, la production automobile contribue \u00e0 la formation de la valeur ajout\u00e9e brute industrielle de 5 \u00e0 10 %.<\/p>\n
L\u2019Espagne qui exporte 80 % de sa production automobile annuelle, repr\u00e9sentant un quart des exportations nationales en valeur, obtient des devises en partie gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la production automobile.1<\/p>\n
Le secteur de l\u2019automobile, qui reste avant tout une industrie \u00e0 forte main-d\u2019\u0153uvre, emploie de 4 \u00e0 8 % de la population active dans les pays ayant fortement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s l\u2019industrie automobile.<\/p>\n
En France, la production d\u2019automobile emploie jusqu\u2019\u00e0 310 000 salari\u00e9s.<\/p>\n
Si l\u2019on prend en consid\u00e9ration les \u00e9quipementiers et les fournisseurs de mat\u00e9riaux li\u00e9s \u00e0 la production automobile, ces trois secteurs cumul\u00e9s emploient environs 767 000 salari\u00e9s.<\/p>\n
De plus, les activit\u00e9s li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation et \u00e0 l\u2019entretien de l\u2019automobile, tels que les stations-service, les assurances, les auto-\u00e9coles, la presse automobile, emploient pr\u00e8s de 566 000 salari\u00e9s.<\/p>\n
Si on prend \u00e9galement en compte les activit\u00e9s li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019entretien et la construction des axes routiers fran\u00e7ais, la fonction publique et les activit\u00e9s du transport routier, le secteur de l\u2019automobile fran\u00e7ais emploie dans sa globalit\u00e9 2,4 millions de salari\u00e9s, soit pr\u00e8s de 11 % de la population active fran\u00e7aise1.<\/p>\n
1 \u00ab Une g\u00e9ographie de l\u2019automobile \u00bb ARCHAMBEAU Olivier, \u00e9d. PUF, 2001<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
En guise de comparaison, rappelons qu\u2019au Japon ce secteur emploie directement 700 000 salari\u00e9s, soit pr\u00e8s de 6 % des effectifs industriels.<\/p>\n
Quant aux Etats-Unis, Chrysler, Ford et G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Motors, emploient \u00e0 eux trois 700 000 personnes.<\/p>\n
Rappelons enfin la synergie entre l\u2019Etat fran\u00e7ais et ses constructeurs nationaux Renault et PSA.<\/p>\n
En effet, gr\u00e2ce aux \u00ab politiques de champions nationaux \u00bb misent en place dans les ann\u00e9es 60, ces deux constructeurs ont trouv\u00e9 en l\u2019Etat un r\u00e9el partenaire, attentif \u00e0 leurs besoins.<\/p>\n
De ce \u00ab partenariat \u00bb r\u00e9sulte : des int\u00e9r\u00eats communs entre les constructeurs et les objectifs de l\u2019Etat fran\u00e7ais; de l\u2019utilisation par l\u2019Etat fran\u00e7ais du secteur automobile comme instrument d\u2019am\u00e9nagement du territoire ; et enfin le d\u00e9veloppement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019industrie automobile de r\u00e9gions essouffl\u00e9es.<\/p>\n
On comprend donc ais\u00e9ment les impacts \u00e9conomiques des deux crises mondiales de 1973 et 1980, expos\u00e9es pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, sur le secteur automobile fran\u00e7ais<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"L\u2019importance de l\u2019industrie automobile dans les \u00e9conomies 73-1980 1 L\u2019environnement automobile Nous profiterons de ce chapitre pour poser un cadre \u00e0 nos travaux. En effet, nous d\u00e9velopperons les origines, les causes et l\u2019impact de la crise de 1973\u2013 1980 sur les ventes d\u2019automobiles, afin de mieux comprendre les r\u00e9percutions de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23444,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[55],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/1-evolution-taux-croissance-pib.-etats-unis-europe-france-entre-1950-2002-1.jpg",587,361,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/1-evolution-taux-croissance-pib.-etats-unis-europe-france-entre-1950-2002-1-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/1-evolution-taux-croissance-pib.-etats-unis-europe-france-entre-1950-2002-1-300x184.jpg",300,184,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/1-evolution-taux-croissance-pib.-etats-unis-europe-france-entre-1950-2002-1.jpg",587,361,false],"large":["https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/1-evolution-taux-croissance-pib.-etats-unis-europe-france-entre-1950-2002-1.jpg",587,361,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/1-evolution-taux-croissance-pib.-etats-unis-europe-france-entre-1950-2002-1.jpg",587,361,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/1-evolution-taux-croissance-pib.-etats-unis-europe-france-entre-1950-2002-1.jpg",587,361,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"WikiMemoires","author_link":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/author\/wikieradmin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"L\u2019importance de l\u2019industrie automobile dans les \u00e9conomies 73-1980 1 L\u2019environnement automobile Nous profiterons de ce chapitre pour poser un cadre \u00e0 nos travaux. En effet, nous d\u00e9velopperons les origines, les causes et l\u2019impact de la crise de 1973\u2013 1980 sur les ventes d\u2019automobiles, afin de mieux comprendre les r\u00e9percutions de […]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23404"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23404"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23404\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23404"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23404"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wikimemoires.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23404"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}